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Endocrine disruption in marine populations is a growing concern. One of the best documented examples is imposex, the development of male characteristics in female gastropods, including the development of a penis and/or vas deferens, by exposure to organotins, mainly tributyltin. This syndrome has been an effective and widely used biomarker of organic tin contamination for almost 20 years. However, established imposex evaluation protocols sacrifice all the animals and repeated assessments can result in depletion of populations. To preserve animal lives as much as possible and to have a fast screening of areas subjected to organotin impacts, a non-destructive approach was tested. This approach uses reversible narcotization and a statistical criterion to evaluate the extent of imposex in the populations, instead of imposex indexes, which are based on evaluation of sacrificed, fixed animals. The data consist of two categories: males plus masculinized females in one category and normal females in another. The probability is then calculated that this sample could have been drawn from a normal population. This new method was tested in two contrasting areas of Brazil and with two different species, and the results compared to the conventional evaluation. Narcotization was completely reversed with a survival rate of 98%. Impacted sites could be identified with this technique in the same way as with the conventional one. The only limitation was that female sterility could not be verified. This disadvantage could well be compensated by the minimal mortality in the studied populations. 相似文献
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吉林省汪清两次深源地震的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文在给出了发生在吉林省汪清的两次深源地震的基本参数、CMT解及有感范围等基本情况的基础上，总结了对2002年6月29日汪清7．2级深源地震的预测情况。对汪清两次深震前出现的水位、水化学异常进行了分析，初步认为异常可能与深源地震孕育过程中引起的大区域应力场调整有关。对6月29日汪清7．2级深源地震前长春净月地震台体应变仪记录到的前驱波机理进行了分析，认为对前驱波机理的研究，可能成为地震预测的一个突破点。 相似文献
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应用模糊数学中的模糊优先比方法，对东北地区未来地震危险进行判断。所得结果表明，在给定的５个地区中，吉林省的四平地区和内蒙古的布特哈旗地区的地震危险性最大，存在未来发生中强震的可能。 相似文献
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长白山天池火山地震活动机理研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对1999年以来长白山火山观测站记录到的火山地震活动进行了研究,发现在西北太平洋5.0级以上中深源地震发生前后,均有火山地震活动发生变化。我们统计发现有以下三种情况:第一种是深源地震发生后火山地震随之增强;第二种是火山震群活动结束后发生中深源地震;第三种是深源地震前后火山地震活动频繁,在火山地震活动较少时发生中深源地震。本文通过对近年来长白山火山地震活动与西北太平洋俯冲板块的中、深源地震关系以及火山玄武岩地幔性质和长白山地热活动等资料并参考前人研究成果,建立了长白山地幔柱模型,对长白山火山地震活动机制进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
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Fernandez MA de Luca Rebello Wagener A Limaverde AM Scofield AL Pinheiro FM Rodrigues E 《Marine environmental research》2005,59(5):435-452
An integrated biological-chemical survey of organotin compounds was carried out in Guanabara Bay, the second most important Brazilian harbor complex. The biological survey revealed high levels of imposex in Stramonita haemastoma populations. Inside the bay values of relative penis length index from 42.7 to 107.6 and vas deferens sequence index from III to VI were found, while organisms collected outside the bay had values ranging from <0.1 to 35.2 and from 0 to II. None of the females sampled inside the bay were normal and imposex was found in all stations. Surface sediments in the bay are contaminated by tributyltin (10-522 ng/g d.w.) and triphenyltin (<3.9-39.4 ng/g d.w.) with greater concentrations close to shipyards and marinas. The observed predominance of parent compounds (TBT and TPT) is commonly found when recent inputs occur, but may also indicate slow degradation processes in the anoxic conditions of these sediments. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a combined imposex-sediment approach to evaluate organotin contamination in marine environments of South America, and also the first report of TPT detection in environmental matrices in this region. 相似文献
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当一个地震发生时 ,首先考虑的是地震发生的位置。因此 ,地震的快速定位就成为大震应急工作非常重要的一个环节。目前 ,在地震系统有许多成型的地震定位方法及程序 (张少泉 ,1 978,唐国兴 ,1 979)有的省局也开发出了适合自己地区情况的定位程序 ,其中在地震系统应用的最多的是 相似文献
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